Produced by True Price and the Sustainable Trade Initiative, this study measures and values the environmental and social externalities of the cocoa supply chain in Côte d'Ivoire and compares conventional to certified cocoa. It sheds light on the scale of external costs of cocoa production in Côte d'Ivoire, the most common material externalities in the supply chain, how external costs are divided over the supply chain, and what the differences are between certified and non-certified cocoa. The results of this study found that 92% of total external costs occur at the cultivation phase and that 84% of the total external costs of cultivation are social costs.
